Restart a Heart: How to Perform CPR on an Adult
Important: Only perform CPR if there is no medically trained professional nearby. Always call 999 immediately if someone collapses or appears to be in cardiac arrest. Emergency operators can guide you through the steps while help is on the way.
Knowing CPR could save a life. Here’s a step-by-step guide for performing CPR on an adult.
Step 1: Check Responsiveness
- Firmly shake the person’s shoulders and ask, “Are you okay?”
- If there is no response, call 999 immediately.
Step 2: Assess Breathing
- If the person is unconscious and not breathing or not breathing normally, start CPR.
- Ask someone to locate a defibrillator if one is available.
Step 3: Begin Chest Compressions
- Place the heel of your hand firmly in the centre of their chest.
- Position your shoulders directly above your hands with elbows locked.
- Press down at least 2 inches (5 cm) into the chest.
- Perform compressions at a rate of 100–120 per minute.
- Allow the chest to return to its normal position after each compression.
Step 4: Give Rescue Breaths
- Open the airway by tilting the head back.
- Pinch the nose shut and take a normal breath.
- Seal your mouth completely over theirs and blow into their mouth until the chest rises.
- Let the air exit before giving the next breath.
Step 5: Continue the Cycle
- Alternate 30 chest compressions with 2 rescue breaths.
- Continue CPR until help arrives or the person shows signs of life.
Step 6: Use a Defibrillator as Soon as Possible
- If an Automated External Defibrillator (AED) is available, follow its instructions immediately.
Remember: Every minute counts in cardiac arrest. Knowing CPR can give someone the best chance of survival.